diff --git a/telecomm/java/android/telecom/Conference.java b/telecomm/java/android/telecom/Conference.java
index 9b350c1978a29..15cb786fba1ce 100644
--- a/telecomm/java/android/telecom/Conference.java
+++ b/telecomm/java/android/telecom/Conference.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package android.telecom;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
@@ -33,6 +34,8 @@ public abstract class Conference {
         public void onDisconnected(Conference conference, DisconnectCause disconnectCause) {}
         public void onConnectionAdded(Conference conference, Connection connection) {}
         public void onConnectionRemoved(Conference conference, Connection connection) {}
+        public void onConferenceableConnectionsChanged(
+                Conference conference, List<Connection> conferenceableConnections) {}
         public void onDestroyed(Conference conference) {}
         public void onCapabilitiesChanged(Conference conference, int capabilities) {}
     }
@@ -41,6 +44,9 @@ public abstract class Conference {
     private final List<Connection> mChildConnections = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
     private final List<Connection> mUnmodifiableChildConnections =
             Collections.unmodifiableList(mChildConnections);
+    private final List<Connection> mConferenceableConnections = new ArrayList<>();
+    private final List<Connection> mUnmodifiableConferenceableConnections =
+            Collections.unmodifiableList(mConferenceableConnections);
 
     private PhoneAccountHandle mPhoneAccount;
     private AudioState mAudioState;
@@ -49,6 +55,15 @@ public abstract class Conference {
     private int mCapabilities;
     private String mDisconnectMessage;
 
+    private final Connection.Listener mConnectionDeathListener = new Connection.Listener() {
+        @Override
+        public void onDestroyed(Connection c) {
+            if (mConferenceableConnections.remove(c)) {
+                fireOnConferenceableConnectionsChanged();
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
     /**
      * Constructs a new Conference with a mandatory {@link PhoneAccountHandle}
      *
@@ -115,6 +130,13 @@ public abstract class Conference {
      */
     public void onSeparate(Connection connection) {}
 
+    /**
+     * Invoked when the specified {@link Connection} should merged with the conference call.
+     *
+     * @param connection The {@code Connection} to merge.
+     */
+    public void onMerge(Connection connection) {}
+
     /**
      * Invoked when the conference should be put on hold.
      */
@@ -233,6 +255,37 @@ public abstract class Conference {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Sets the connections with which this connection can be conferenced.
+     *
+     * @param conferenceableConnections The set of connections this connection can conference with.
+     */
+    public final void setConferenceableConnections(List<Connection> conferenceableConnections) {
+        clearConferenceableList();
+        for (Connection c : conferenceableConnections) {
+            // If statement checks for duplicates in input. It makes it N^2 but we're dealing with a
+            // small amount of items here.
+            if (!mConferenceableConnections.contains(c)) {
+                c.addConnectionListener(mConnectionDeathListener);
+                mConferenceableConnections.add(c);
+            }
+        }
+        fireOnConferenceableConnectionsChanged();
+    }
+
+    private final void fireOnConferenceableConnectionsChanged() {
+        for (Listener l : mListeners) {
+            l.onConferenceableConnectionsChanged(this, getConferenceableConnections());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the connections with which this connection can be conferenced.
+     */
+    public final List<Connection> getConferenceableConnections() {
+        return mUnmodifiableConferenceableConnections;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Tears down the conference object and any of its current connections.
      */
@@ -309,4 +362,11 @@ public abstract class Conference {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    private final void clearConferenceableList() {
+        for (Connection c : mConferenceableConnections) {
+            c.removeConnectionListener(mConnectionDeathListener);
+        }
+        mConferenceableConnections.clear();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/telecomm/java/android/telecom/Connection.java b/telecomm/java/android/telecom/Connection.java
index 7979e44a0d4f5..2227a04d567b8 100644
--- a/telecomm/java/android/telecom/Connection.java
+++ b/telecomm/java/android/telecom/Connection.java
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ public abstract class Connection {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Obtains the connections with which this connection can be conferenced.
+     * Returns the connections with which this connection can be conferenced.
      */
     public final List<Connection> getConferenceableConnections() {
         return mUnmodifiableConferenceableConnections;
@@ -1097,7 +1097,7 @@ public abstract class Connection {
 
     private final void  fireOnConferenceableConnectionsChanged() {
         for (Listener l : mListeners) {
-            l.onConferenceableConnectionsChanged(this, mConferenceableConnections);
+            l.onConferenceableConnectionsChanged(this, getConferenceableConnections());
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/telecomm/java/android/telecom/ConnectionService.java b/telecomm/java/android/telecom/ConnectionService.java
index d41ac6a5298f2..ab9da0898649b 100644
--- a/telecomm/java/android/telecom/ConnectionService.java
+++ b/telecomm/java/android/telecom/ConnectionService.java
@@ -356,6 +356,14 @@ public abstract class ConnectionService extends Service {
         public void onConnectionRemoved(Conference conference, Connection connection) {
         }
 
+        @Override
+        public void onConferenceableConnectionsChanged(
+                Conference conference, List<Connection> conferenceableConnections) {
+            mAdapter.setConferenceableConnections(
+                    mIdByConference.get(conference),
+                    createConnectionIdList(conferenceableConnections));
+        }
+
         @Override
         public void onDestroyed(Conference conference) {
             removeConference(conference);
@@ -635,19 +643,25 @@ public abstract class ConnectionService extends Service {
     private void conference(String callId1, String callId2) {
         Log.d(this, "conference %s, %s", callId1, callId2);
 
-        Connection connection1 = findConnectionForAction(callId1, "conference");
-        if (connection1 == getNullConnection()) {
-            Log.w(this, "Connection1 missing in conference request %s.", callId1);
-            return;
-        }
-
         Connection connection2 = findConnectionForAction(callId2, "conference");
         if (connection2 == getNullConnection()) {
             Log.w(this, "Connection2 missing in conference request %s.", callId2);
             return;
         }
 
-        onConference(connection1, connection2);
+        Connection connection1 = findConnectionForAction(callId1, "conference");
+        if (connection1 == getNullConnection()) {
+            Conference conference1 = findConferenceForAction(callId1, "addConnection");
+            if (conference1 == getNullConference()) {
+                Log.w(this,
+                        "Connection1 or Conference1 missing in conference request %s.",
+                        callId1);
+            } else {
+                conference1.onMerge(connection2);
+            }
+        } else {
+            onConference(connection1, connection2);
+        }
     }
 
     private void splitFromConference(String callId) {
diff --git a/telecomm/java/android/telecom/RemoteConference.java b/telecomm/java/android/telecom/RemoteConference.java
index f5e0732f43a9e..eba75808164f5 100644
--- a/telecomm/java/android/telecom/RemoteConference.java
+++ b/telecomm/java/android/telecom/RemoteConference.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import com.android.internal.telecom.IConnectionService;
 
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
@@ -37,6 +38,9 @@ public final class RemoteConference {
         public void onConnectionAdded(RemoteConference conference, RemoteConnection connection) {}
         public void onConnectionRemoved(RemoteConference conference, RemoteConnection connection) {}
         public void onCapabilitiesChanged(RemoteConference conference, int capabilities) {}
+        public void onConferenceableConnectionsChanged(
+                RemoteConference conference,
+                List<RemoteConnection> conferenceableConnections) {}
         public void onDestroyed(RemoteConference conference) {}
     }
 
@@ -47,6 +51,9 @@ public final class RemoteConference {
     private final List<RemoteConnection> mChildConnections = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
     private final List<RemoteConnection> mUnmodifiableChildConnections =
             Collections.unmodifiableList(mChildConnections);
+    private final List<RemoteConnection> mConferenceableConnections = new ArrayList<>();
+    private final List<RemoteConnection> mUnmodifiableConferenceableConnections =
+            Collections.unmodifiableList(mConferenceableConnections);
 
     private int mState = Connection.STATE_NEW;
     private DisconnectCause mDisconnectCause;
@@ -124,6 +131,15 @@ public final class RemoteConference {
         }
     }
 
+    /** @hide */
+    void setConferenceableConnections(List<RemoteConnection> conferenceableConnections) {
+        mConferenceableConnections.clear();
+        mConferenceableConnections.addAll(conferenceableConnections);
+        for (Callback c : mCallbacks) {
+            c.onConferenceableConnectionsChanged(this, mUnmodifiableConferenceableConnections);
+        }
+    }
+
     /** {@hide} */
     void setDisconnected(DisconnectCause disconnectCause) {
         if (mState != Connection.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
@@ -216,6 +232,10 @@ public final class RemoteConference {
         }
     }
 
+    public List<RemoteConnection> getConferenceableConnections() {
+        return mUnmodifiableConferenceableConnections;
+    }
+
     public final void registerCallback(Callback callback) {
         mCallbacks.add(callback);
     }
diff --git a/telecomm/java/android/telecom/RemoteConnectionService.java b/telecomm/java/android/telecom/RemoteConnectionService.java
index d959e50dda5f1..328dc8691c53e 100644
--- a/telecomm/java/android/telecom/RemoteConnectionService.java
+++ b/telecomm/java/android/telecom/RemoteConnectionService.java
@@ -278,8 +278,13 @@ final class RemoteConnectionService {
                 }
             }
 
-            findConnectionForAction(callId, "setConferenceableConnections")
-                    .setConferenceableConnections(conferenceable);
+            if (hasConnection(callId)) {
+                findConnectionForAction(callId, "setConferenceableConnections")
+                        .setConferenceableConnections(conferenceable);
+            } else {
+                findConferenceForAction(callId, "setConferenceableConnections")
+                        .setConferenceableConnections(conferenceable);
+            }
         }
     };
 
@@ -358,6 +363,10 @@ final class RemoteConnectionService {
         }
     }
 
+    private boolean hasConnection(String callId) {
+        return mConferenceById.containsKey(callId);
+    }
+
     private RemoteConnection findConnectionForAction(
             String callId, String action) {
         if (mConnectionById.containsKey(callId)) {