diff --git a/api/system-current.txt b/api/system-current.txt
index 1f2864c9f877d..19754a22a6177 100644
--- a/api/system-current.txt
+++ b/api/system-current.txt
@@ -3399,7 +3399,7 @@ package android.location {
     method @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.LOCATION_HARDWARE) public void flushGnssBatch();
     method @Nullable public String getExtraLocationControllerPackage();
     method @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.LOCATION_HARDWARE) public int getGnssBatchSize();
-    method @Nullable public android.location.GnssCapabilities getGnssCapabilities();
+    method @NonNull @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) public android.location.GnssCapabilities getGnssCapabilities();
     method @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) public void injectGnssMeasurementCorrections(@NonNull android.location.GnssMeasurementCorrections);
     method public boolean isExtraLocationControllerPackageEnabled();
     method public boolean isLocationEnabledForUser(@NonNull android.os.UserHandle);
diff --git a/location/java/android/location/LocationManager.java b/location/java/android/location/LocationManager.java
index af60e3c672884..7a17505efa07b 100644
--- a/location/java/android/location/LocationManager.java
+++ b/location/java/android/location/LocationManager.java
@@ -1986,17 +1986,19 @@ public class LocationManager {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the supported capabilities of the GNSS chipset or {@code null} if there is an error
-     * in obtaining the capabilities.
+     * Returns the supported capabilities of the GNSS chipset.
+     *
+     * @throws SecurityException if the ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission is not present.
      *
      * @hide
      */
     @SystemApi
-    public @Nullable GnssCapabilities getGnssCapabilities() {
+    @RequiresPermission(ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
+    public @NonNull GnssCapabilities getGnssCapabilities() {
         try {
             long gnssCapabilities = mGnssMeasurementCallbackTransport.getGnssCapabilities();
             if (gnssCapabilities == GnssCapabilities.INVALID_CAPABILITIES) {
-                return null;
+                gnssCapabilities = 0L;
             }
             return GnssCapabilities.of(gnssCapabilities);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {