diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/UserManagerService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/UserManagerService.java
index 27924a68ff485..01a3d14e05dfa 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/UserManagerService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/UserManagerService.java
@@ -114,7 +114,6 @@ import com.android.server.SystemService;
 import com.android.server.am.UserState;
 import com.android.server.storage.DeviceStorageMonitorInternal;
 import com.android.server.utils.TimingsTraceAndSlog;
-import com.android.server.wm.ActivityTaskManagerInternal;
 
 import libcore.io.IoUtils;
 
@@ -134,6 +133,7 @@ import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -406,6 +406,10 @@ public class UserManagerService extends IUserManager.Stub {
 
     @GuardedBy("mUsersLock")
     private int[] mUserIds;
+
+    @GuardedBy("mUsersLock")
+    private int[] mUserIdsIncludingPreCreated;
+
     @GuardedBy("mPackagesLock")
     private int mNextSerialNumber;
     private int mUserVersion = 0;
@@ -2480,16 +2484,35 @@ public class UserManagerService extends IUserManager.Stub {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns an array of user ids. This array is cached here for quick access, so do not modify or
-     * cache it elsewhere.
+     * Returns an array of user ids.
+     *
+     * <p>This array is cached here for quick access, so do not modify or cache it elsewhere.
+     *
      * @return the array of user ids.
      */
-    public int[] getUserIds() {
+    public @NonNull int[] getUserIds() {
         synchronized (mUsersLock) {
             return mUserIds;
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns an array of user ids, including pre-created users.
+     *
+     * <p>This method should only used for the specific cases that need to handle pre-created users;
+     * most callers should call {@link #getUserIds()} instead.
+     *
+     * <p>This array is cached here for quick access, so do not modify or
+     * cache it elsewhere.
+     *
+     * @return the array of user ids.
+     */
+    public @NonNull int[] getUserIdsIncludingPreCreated() {
+        synchronized (mUsersLock) {
+            return mUserIdsIncludingPreCreated;
+        }
+    }
+
     @GuardedBy({"mRestrictionsLock", "mPackagesLock"})
     private void readUserListLP() {
         if (!mUserListFile.exists()) {
@@ -4327,23 +4350,43 @@ public class UserManagerService extends IUserManager.Stub {
      */
     private void updateUserIds() {
         int num = 0;
+        int numIncludingPreCreated = 0;
         synchronized (mUsersLock) {
             final int userSize = mUsers.size();
             for (int i = 0; i < userSize; i++) {
-                UserInfo userInfo = mUsers.valueAt(i).info;
-                if (!userInfo.partial && !userInfo.preCreated) {
-                    num++;
+                final UserInfo userInfo = mUsers.valueAt(i).info;
+                if (!userInfo.partial) {
+                    numIncludingPreCreated++;
+                    if (!userInfo.preCreated) {
+                        num++;
+                    }
                 }
             }
+            if (DBG) {
+                Slog.d(LOG_TAG, "updateUserIds(): numberUsers= " + num
+                        + " includingPreCreated=" + numIncludingPreCreated);
+            }
             final int[] newUsers = new int[num];
+            final int[] newUsersIncludingPreCreated = new int[numIncludingPreCreated];
+
             int n = 0;
+            int nIncludingPreCreated = 0;
             for (int i = 0; i < userSize; i++) {
-                UserInfo userInfo = mUsers.valueAt(i).info;
-                if (!userInfo.partial && !userInfo.preCreated) {
-                    newUsers[n++] = mUsers.keyAt(i);
+                final UserInfo userInfo = mUsers.valueAt(i).info;
+                if (!userInfo.partial) {
+                    final int userId = mUsers.keyAt(i);
+                    newUsersIncludingPreCreated[nIncludingPreCreated++] = userId;
+                    if (!userInfo.preCreated) {
+                        newUsers[n++] = userId;
+                    }
                 }
             }
             mUserIds = newUsers;
+            mUserIdsIncludingPreCreated = newUsersIncludingPreCreated;
+            if (DBG) {
+                Slog.d(LOG_TAG, "updateUserIds(): userIds= " + Arrays.toString(mUserIds)
+                        + " includingPreCreated=" + Arrays.toString(mUserIdsIncludingPreCreated));
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -4791,6 +4834,13 @@ public class UserManagerService extends IUserManager.Stub {
             synchronized (mUserStates) {
                 pw.println("  Started users state: " + mUserStates);
             }
+            synchronized (mUsersLock) {
+                pw.print("  Cached user IDs: ");
+                pw.println(Arrays.toString(mUserIds));
+                pw.print("  Cached user IDs (including pre-created): ");
+                pw.println(Arrays.toString(mUserIdsIncludingPreCreated));
+            }
+
         } // synchronized (mPackagesLock)
 
         // Dump some capabilities
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/permission/PermissionManagerService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/permission/PermissionManagerService.java
index a4e8b1c016208..2533aa7c43021 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/permission/PermissionManagerService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/permission/PermissionManagerService.java
@@ -83,7 +83,6 @@ import android.content.pm.PackageParser;
 import android.content.pm.ParceledListSlice;
 import android.content.pm.PermissionGroupInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PermissionInfo;
-import android.content.pm.UserInfo;
 import android.content.pm.parsing.component.ParsedPermission;
 import android.content.pm.parsing.component.ParsedPermissionGroup;
 import android.content.pm.permission.SplitPermissionInfoParcelable;
@@ -121,7 +120,6 @@ import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.Slog;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
 import android.util.SparseBooleanArray;
-import android.util.TimingsTraceLog;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
@@ -3078,17 +3076,7 @@ public class PermissionManagerService extends IPermissionManager.Stub {
      * @return user ids for created users and pre-created users
      */
     private int[] getAllUserIds() {
-        final TimingsTraceLog t = new TimingsTraceLog(TAG, Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);
-        t.traceBegin("getAllUserIds");
-        List<UserInfo> users = UserManagerService.getInstance().getUsers(
-                /*excludePartial=*/ true, /*excludeDying=*/ true, /*excludePreCreated=*/ false);
-        int size = users.size();
-        final int[] userIds = new int[size];
-        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-            userIds[i] = users.get(i).id;
-        }
-        t.traceEnd();
-        return userIds;
+        return UserManagerService.getInstance().getUserIdsIncludingPreCreated();
     }
 
     /**