diff --git a/core/java/android/service/voice/AlwaysOnHotwordDetector.java b/core/java/android/service/voice/AlwaysOnHotwordDetector.java
index 14f050df2b49b..00fe3ca99384e 100644
--- a/core/java/android/service/voice/AlwaysOnHotwordDetector.java
+++ b/core/java/android/service/voice/AlwaysOnHotwordDetector.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package android.service.voice;
 
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CAPTURE_AUDIO_HOTWORD;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO;
+import static android.service.voice.SoundTriggerFailure.ERROR_CODE_UNKNOWN;
 import static android.service.voice.VoiceInteractionService.MULTIPLE_ACTIVE_HOTWORD_DETECTORS;
 
 import android.annotation.ElapsedRealtimeLong;
@@ -269,6 +270,15 @@ public class AlwaysOnHotwordDetector extends AbstractDetector {
     @EnabledSince(targetSdkVersion = Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
     static final long THROW_ON_INITIALIZE_IF_NO_DSP = 269165460L;
 
+    /**
+     * Gates returning {@link Callback#onFailure} and {@link Callback#onUnknownFailure}
+     * when asynchronous exceptions are propagated to the client. If the change is not enabled,
+     * the existing behavior of delivering {@link #STATE_ERROR} is retained.
+     */
+    @ChangeId
+    @EnabledSince(targetSdkVersion = Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
+    static final long SEND_ON_FAILURE_FOR_ASYNC_EXCEPTIONS = 280471513L;
+
     /**
      * Controls the sensitivity threshold adjustment factor for a given model.
      * Negative value corresponds to less sensitive model (high threshold) and
@@ -1409,12 +1419,16 @@ public class AlwaysOnHotwordDetector extends AbstractDetector {
             if (mAvailability == STATE_KEYPHRASE_ENROLLED) {
                 try {
                     stopRecognitionLocked();
-                } catch (SecurityException e) {
-                    Slog.w(TAG, "Failed to Stop the recognition", e);
-                    if (mTargetSdkVersion <= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
-                        throw e;
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    Slog.w(TAG, "Failed to stop recognition after enrollment update", e);
+                    if (CompatChanges.isChangeEnabled(SEND_ON_FAILURE_FOR_ASYNC_EXCEPTIONS)) {
+                        sendSoundTriggerFailure(new SoundTriggerFailure(ERROR_CODE_UNKNOWN,
+                                "Failed to stop recognition after enrollment update: "
+                                        + Log.getStackTraceString(e),
+                                FailureSuggestedAction.RECREATE_DETECTOR));
+                    } else {
+                        updateAndNotifyStateChangedLocked(STATE_ERROR);
                     }
-                    updateAndNotifyStateChangedLocked(STATE_ERROR);
                     return;
                 }
             }
@@ -1538,6 +1552,12 @@ public class AlwaysOnHotwordDetector extends AbstractDetector {
 
     @GuardedBy("mLock")
     private void updateAndNotifyStateChangedLocked(int availability) {
+        updateAvailabilityLocked(availability);
+        notifyStateChangedLocked();
+    }
+
+    @GuardedBy("mLock")
+    private void updateAvailabilityLocked(int availability) {
         if (DBG) {
             Slog.d(TAG, "Hotword availability changed from " + mAvailability
                     + " -> " + availability);
@@ -1545,7 +1565,6 @@ public class AlwaysOnHotwordDetector extends AbstractDetector {
         if (!mIsAvailabilityOverriddenByTestApi) {
             mAvailability = availability;
         }
-        notifyStateChangedLocked();
     }
 
     @GuardedBy("mLock")
@@ -1555,6 +1574,18 @@ public class AlwaysOnHotwordDetector extends AbstractDetector {
         message.sendToTarget();
     }
 
+    @GuardedBy("mLock")
+    private void sendUnknownFailure(String failureMessage) {
+        // update but do not call onAvailabilityChanged callback for STATE_ERROR
+        updateAvailabilityLocked(STATE_ERROR);
+        Message.obtain(mHandler, MSG_DETECTION_UNKNOWN_FAILURE, failureMessage).sendToTarget();
+    }
+
+    private void sendSoundTriggerFailure(@NonNull SoundTriggerFailure soundTriggerFailure) {
+        Message.obtain(mHandler, MSG_DETECTION_SOUND_TRIGGER_FAILURE, soundTriggerFailure)
+                .sendToTarget();
+    }
+
     /** @hide */
     static final class SoundTriggerListener extends IHotwordRecognitionStatusCallback.Stub {
         private final Handler mHandler;
@@ -1726,6 +1757,7 @@ public class AlwaysOnHotwordDetector extends AbstractDetector {
         }
     }
 
+    // TODO(b/267681692): remove the AsyncTask usage
     class RefreshAvailabilityTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {
 
         @Override
@@ -1744,13 +1776,17 @@ public class AlwaysOnHotwordDetector extends AbstractDetector {
                     }
                     updateAndNotifyStateChangedLocked(availability);
                 }
-            } catch (SecurityException e) {
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                // Any exception here not caught will crash the process because AsyncTask does not
+                // bubble up the exceptions to the client app, so we must propagate it to the app.
                 Slog.w(TAG, "Failed to refresh availability", e);
-                if (mTargetSdkVersion <= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
-                    throw e;
-                }
                 synchronized (mLock) {
-                    updateAndNotifyStateChangedLocked(STATE_ERROR);
+                    if (CompatChanges.isChangeEnabled(SEND_ON_FAILURE_FOR_ASYNC_EXCEPTIONS)) {
+                        sendUnknownFailure(
+                                "Failed to refresh availability: " + Log.getStackTraceString(e));
+                    } else {
+                        updateAndNotifyStateChangedLocked(STATE_ERROR);
+                    }
                 }
             }
 
diff --git a/core/java/android/service/voice/SoundTriggerFailure.java b/core/java/android/service/voice/SoundTriggerFailure.java
index 2ce5e5da47242..b4b0ffaf7c2a1 100644
--- a/core/java/android/service/voice/SoundTriggerFailure.java
+++ b/core/java/android/service/voice/SoundTriggerFailure.java
@@ -74,14 +74,22 @@ public final class SoundTriggerFailure implements Parcelable {
     public @interface SoundTriggerErrorCode {}
 
     private final int mErrorCode;
+    private final int mSuggestedAction;
     private final String mErrorMessage;
 
     /**
      * @hide
      */
     @TestApi
-    public SoundTriggerFailure(@SoundTriggerErrorCode int errorCode,
-            @NonNull String errorMessage) {
+    public SoundTriggerFailure(@SoundTriggerErrorCode int errorCode, @NonNull String errorMessage) {
+        this(errorCode, errorMessage, getSuggestedActionBasedOnErrorCode(errorCode));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public SoundTriggerFailure(@SoundTriggerErrorCode int errorCode, @NonNull String errorMessage,
+            @FailureSuggestedAction.FailureSuggestedActionDef int suggestedAction) {
         if (TextUtils.isEmpty(errorMessage)) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("errorMessage is empty or null.");
         }
@@ -95,7 +103,13 @@ public final class SoundTriggerFailure implements Parcelable {
             default:
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid ErrorCode: " + errorCode);
         }
+        if (suggestedAction != getSuggestedActionBasedOnErrorCode(errorCode)
+                && errorCode != ERROR_CODE_UNKNOWN) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid suggested next action: "
+                    + "errorCode=" + errorCode + ", suggestedAction=" + suggestedAction);
+        }
         mErrorMessage = errorMessage;
+        mSuggestedAction = suggestedAction;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -119,7 +133,11 @@ public final class SoundTriggerFailure implements Parcelable {
      */
     @FailureSuggestedAction.FailureSuggestedActionDef
     public int getSuggestedAction() {
-        switch (mErrorCode) {
+        return mSuggestedAction;
+    }
+
+    private static int getSuggestedActionBasedOnErrorCode(@SoundTriggerErrorCode int errorCode) {
+        switch (errorCode) {
             case ERROR_CODE_UNKNOWN:
             case ERROR_CODE_MODULE_DIED:
             case ERROR_CODE_UNEXPECTED_PREEMPTION:
@@ -144,8 +162,11 @@ public final class SoundTriggerFailure implements Parcelable {
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        return "SoundTriggerFailure { errorCode = " + mErrorCode + ", errorMessage = "
-                + mErrorMessage + " }";
+        return "SoundTriggerFailure {"
+                + " errorCode = " + mErrorCode
+                + ", errorMessage = " + mErrorMessage
+                + ", suggestedNextAction = " + mSuggestedAction
+                + " }";
     }
 
     public static final @NonNull Parcelable.Creator<SoundTriggerFailure> CREATOR =