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cherry-pick: docs: Added note that <application> at end of manifest. am: d5368b8185 am: f5250c5b37

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am: b04f86acae

* commit 'b04f86acae9f5a0101e997a2dde08342c92b180f':
  cherry-pick: docs: Added note that <application> at end of manifest.

Change-Id: Id72cdfad947a1a8d15cd190de8604f76fbf5a866
This commit is contained in:
Kevin Hufnagle
2016-06-01 18:19:48 +00:00
committed by android-build-merger
parent 88470b5ba2 b04f86acae
commit 8b1df8f382
1 changed files with 189 additions and 177 deletions
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366
docs/html/guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.jd
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@@ -31,27 +31,27 @@ page.title=App Manifest
<li>It names the Java package for the application. <li>It names the Java package for the application.
The package name serves as a unique identifier for the application.</li> The package name serves as a unique identifier for the application.</li>
<li>It describes the components of the application &mdash; the activities, <li>It describes the components of the application &mdash; the activities,
services, broadcast receivers, and content providers that the application is services, broadcast receivers, and content providers that the application is
composed of. It names the classes that implement each of the components and composed of. It names the classes that implement each of the components and
publishes their capabilities (for example, which {@link android.content.Intent publishes their capabilities (for example, which {@link android.content.Intent
Intent} messages they can handle). These declarations let the Android system Intent} messages they can handle). These declarations let the Android system
know what the components are and under what conditions they can be launched.</li> know what the components are and under what conditions they can be launched.</li>
<li>It determines which processes will host application components.</li> <li>It determines which processes will host application components.</li>
<li>It declares which permissions the application must have in order to <li>It declares which permissions the application must have in order to
access protected parts of the API and interact with other applications.</li> access protected parts of the API and interact with other applications.</li>
<li>It also declares the permissions that others are required to have in <li>It also declares the permissions that others are required to have in
order to interact with the application's components.</li> order to interact with the application's components.</li>
<li>It lists the {@link android.app.Instrumentation} classes that provide <li>It lists the {@link android.app.Instrumentation} classes that provide
profiling and other information as the application is running. These declarations profiling and other information as the application is running. These declarations
are present in the manifest only while the application is being developed and are present in the manifest only while the application is being developed and
tested; they're removed before the application is published.</li> tested; they're removed before the application is published.</li>
<li>It declares the minimum level of the Android API that the application <li>It declares the minimum level of the Android API that the application
requires.</li> requires.</li>
<li>It lists the libraries that the application must be linked against.</li> <li>It lists the libraries that the application must be linked against.</li>
@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ requires.</li>
<h2 id="filestruct">Structure of the Manifest File</h2> <h2 id="filestruct">Structure of the Manifest File</h2>
<p> <p>
The diagram below shows the general structure of the manifest file and The diagram below shows the general structure of the manifest file and
every element that it can contain. Each element, along with all of its every element that it can contain. Each element, along with all of its
attributes, is documented in full in a separate file. To view detailed attributes, is documented in full in a separate file. To view detailed
information about any element, click on the element name in the diagram, information about any element, click on the element name in the diagram,
in the alphabetical list of elements that follows the diagram, or on any in the alphabetical list of elements that follows the diagram, or on any
other mention of the element name. other mention of the element name.
</p> </p>
<pre> <pre>
@@ -126,9 +126,9 @@ other mention of the element name.
</pre> </pre>
<p> <p>
All the elements that can appear in the manifest file are listed below All the elements that can appear in the manifest file are listed below
in alphabetical order. These are the only legal elements; you cannot in alphabetical order. These are the only legal elements; you cannot
add your own elements or attributes. add your own elements or attributes.
</p> </p>
<p style="margin-left: 2em"> <p style="margin-left: 2em">
@@ -158,74 +158,86 @@ add your own elements or attributes.
</p> </p>
<h2 id="filec">File Conventions</h2> <h2 id="filec">File Conventions</h2>
<p> <p>
Some conventions and rules apply generally to all elements and attributes Some conventions and rules apply generally to all elements and attributes
in the manifest: in the manifest:
</p> </p>
<dl> <dl>
<dt><b>Elements</b></dt> <dt><b>Elements</b></dt>
<dd>Only the <dd>Only the
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-element.html">&lt;manifest&gt;</a></code> and <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-element.html">&lt;manifest&gt;</a></code> and
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html">&lt;application&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html">&lt;application&gt;</a></code>
elements are required, they each must be present and can occur only once. elements are required, they each must be present and can occur only once.
Most of the others can occur many times or not at all &mdash; although at Most of the others can occur many times or not at all &mdash; although at
least some of them must be present for the manifest to accomplish anything least some of them must be present for the manifest to accomplish anything
meaningful. meaningful.
<p> <p>
If an element contains anything at all, it contains other elements. If an element contains anything at all, it contains other elements.
All values are set through attributes, not as character data within an element. All values are set through attributes, not as character data within an element.
</p> </p>
<p> <p>
Elements at the same level are generally not ordered. For example, Elements at the same level are generally not ordered. For example,
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">&lt;activity&gt;</a></code>, <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">&lt;activity&gt;</a></code>,
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/provider-element.html">&lt;provider&gt;</a></code>, and <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/provider-element.html">&lt;provider&gt;</a></code>, and
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/service-element.html">&lt;service&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/service-element.html">&lt;service&gt;</a></code>
elements can be intermixed in any sequence. (An elements can be intermixed in any sequence. There are two key exceptions to this
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-alias-element.html">&lt;activity-alias&gt;</a></code> rule, however:
element is the exception to this rule: It must follow the <ul>
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">&lt;activity&gt;</a></code> <li>
it is an alias for.) An <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-alias-element.html">&lt;activity-alias&gt;</a></code>
element must follow the
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">&lt;activity&gt;</a></code>
it is an alias for.
</li>
<li>
The <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html">&lt;application&gt;</a></code>
element must be the last element inside the
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-element.html">&lt;manifest&gt;</a></code>
element. In other words, the <code>&lt;/application&gt;</code> closing tag
must appear immediately before the <code>&lt;/manifest&gt;</code> closing
tag.
</li>
</p></dd> </p></dd>
<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt> <dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>
<dd>In a formal sense, all attributes are optional. However, there are some <dd>In a formal sense, all attributes are optional. However, there are some
that must be specified for an element to accomplish its purpose. Use the that must be specified for an element to accomplish its purpose. Use the
documentation as a guide. For truly optional attributes, it mentions a default documentation as a guide. For truly optional attributes, it mentions a default
value or states what happens in the absence of a specification. value or states what happens in the absence of a specification.
<p>Except for some attributes of the root <p>Except for some attributes of the root
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-element.html">&lt;manifest&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-element.html">&lt;manifest&gt;</a></code>
element, all attribute names begin with an {@code android:} prefix &mdash; element, all attribute names begin with an {@code android:} prefix &mdash;
for example, {@code android:alwaysRetainTaskState}. Because the prefix is for example, {@code android:alwaysRetainTaskState}. Because the prefix is
universal, the documentation generally omits it when referring to attributes universal, the documentation generally omits it when referring to attributes
by name.</p></dd> by name.</p></dd>
<dt><b>Declaring class names</b></dt> <dt><b>Declaring class names</b></dt>
<dd>Many elements correspond to Java objects, including elements for the <dd>Many elements correspond to Java objects, including elements for the
application itself (the application itself (the
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html">&lt;application&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html">&lt;application&gt;</a></code>
element) and its principal components &mdash; activities element) and its principal components &mdash; activities
(<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">&lt;activity&gt;</a></code>), (<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">&lt;activity&gt;</a></code>),
services services
(<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/service-element.html">&lt;service&gt;</a></code>), (<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/service-element.html">&lt;service&gt;</a></code>),
broadcast receivers broadcast receivers
(<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/receiver-element.html">&lt;receiver&gt;</a></code>), (<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/receiver-element.html">&lt;receiver&gt;</a></code>),
and content providers and content providers
(<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/provider-element.html">&lt;provider&gt;</a></code>). (<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/provider-element.html">&lt;provider&gt;</a></code>).
<p> <p>
If you define a subclass, as you almost always would for the component classes If you define a subclass, as you almost always would for the component classes
({@link android.app.Activity}, {@link android.app.Service}, ({@link android.app.Activity}, {@link android.app.Service},
{@link android.content.BroadcastReceiver}, and {@link android.content.ContentProvider}), {@link android.content.BroadcastReceiver}, and {@link android.content.ContentProvider}),
the subclass is declared through a {@code name} attribute. The name must include the subclass is declared through a {@code name} attribute. The name must include
the full package designation. the full package designation.
For example, an {@link android.app.Service} subclass might be declared as follows: For example, an {@link android.app.Service} subclass might be declared as follows:
</p> </p>
@@ -239,12 +251,12 @@ For example, an {@link android.app.Service} subclass might be declared as follow
&lt;/manifest&gt;</pre> &lt;/manifest&gt;</pre>
<p> <p>
However, as a shorthand, if the first character of the string is a period, the However, as a shorthand, if the first character of the string is a period, the
string is appended to the application's package name (as specified by the string is appended to the application's package name (as specified by the
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-element.html">&lt;manifest&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-element.html">&lt;manifest&gt;</a></code>
element's element's
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-element.html#package">package</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-element.html#package">package</a></code>
attribute). The following assignment is the same as the one above: attribute). The following assignment is the same as the one above:
</p> </p>
<pre>&lt;manifest package="com.example.project" . . . &gt; <pre>&lt;manifest package="com.example.project" . . . &gt;
@@ -257,13 +269,13 @@ attribute). The following assignment is the same as the one above:
&lt;/manifest&gt;</pre> &lt;/manifest&gt;</pre>
<p> <p>
When starting a component, Android creates an instance of the named subclass. When starting a component, Android creates an instance of the named subclass.
If a subclass isn't specified, it creates an instance of the base class. If a subclass isn't specified, it creates an instance of the base class.
</p></dd> </p></dd>
<dt><b>Multiple values</b></dt> <dt><b>Multiple values</b></dt>
<dd>If more than one value can be specified, the element is almost always <dd>If more than one value can be specified, the element is almost always
repeated, rather than listing multiple values within a single element. repeated, rather than listing multiple values within a single element.
For example, an intent filter can list several actions: For example, an intent filter can list several actions:
<pre>&lt;intent-filter . . . &gt; <pre>&lt;intent-filter . . . &gt;
@@ -274,24 +286,24 @@ For example, an intent filter can list several actions:
&lt;/intent-filter&gt;</pre></dd> &lt;/intent-filter&gt;</pre></dd>
<dt><b>Resource values</b></dt> <dt><b>Resource values</b></dt>
<dd>Some attributes have values that can be displayed to users &mdash; for <dd>Some attributes have values that can be displayed to users &mdash; for
example, a label and an icon for an activity. The values of these attributes example, a label and an icon for an activity. The values of these attributes
should be localized and therefore set from a resource or theme. Resource should be localized and therefore set from a resource or theme. Resource
values are expressed in the following format,</p> values are expressed in the following format,</p>
<p style="margin-left: 2em">{@code @[<i>package</i>:]<i>type</i>/<i>name</i>}</p> <p style="margin-left: 2em">{@code @[<i>package</i>:]<i>type</i>/<i>name</i>}</p>
<p> <p>
where the <i>package</i> name can be omitted if the resource is in the same package where the <i>package</i> name can be omitted if the resource is in the same package
as the application, <i>type</i> is a type of resource &mdash; such as "string" or as the application, <i>type</i> is a type of resource &mdash; such as "string" or
"drawable" &mdash; and <i>name</i> is the name that identifies the specific resource. "drawable" &mdash; and <i>name</i> is the name that identifies the specific resource.
For example: For example:
</p> </p>
<pre>&lt;activity android:icon="@drawable/smallPic" . . . &gt</pre> <pre>&lt;activity android:icon="@drawable/smallPic" . . . &gt</pre>
<p> <p>
Values from a theme are expressed in a similar manner, but with an initial '{@code ?}' Values from a theme are expressed in a similar manner, but with an initial '{@code ?}'
rather than '{@code @}': rather than '{@code @}':
</p> </p>
@@ -299,8 +311,8 @@ rather than '{@code @}':
</p></dd> </p></dd>
<dt><b>String values</b></dt> <dt><b>String values</b></dt>
<dd>Where an attribute value is a string, double backslashes ('{@code \\}') <dd>Where an attribute value is a string, double backslashes ('{@code \\}')
must be used to escape characters &mdash; for example, '{@code \\n}' for must be used to escape characters &mdash; for example, '{@code \\n}' for
a newline or '{@code \\uxxxx}' for a Unicode character.</dd> a newline or '{@code \\uxxxx}' for a Unicode character.</dd>
</dl> </dl>
@@ -308,7 +320,7 @@ a newline or '{@code \\uxxxx}' for a Unicode character.</dd>
<h2 id="filef">File Features</h2> <h2 id="filef">File Features</h2>
<p> <p>
The following sections describe how some Android features are reflected The following sections describe how some Android features are reflected
in the manifest file. in the manifest file.
</p> </p>
@@ -316,23 +328,23 @@ in the manifest file.
<h3 id="ifs">Intent Filters</h3> <h3 id="ifs">Intent Filters</h3>
<p> <p>
The core components of an application (its activities, services, and broadcast The core components of an application (its activities, services, and broadcast
receivers) are activated by <i>intents</i>. An intent is a receivers) are activated by <i>intents</i>. An intent is a
bundle of information (an {@link android.content.Intent} object) describing a bundle of information (an {@link android.content.Intent} object) describing a
desired action &mdash; including the data to be acted upon, the category of desired action &mdash; including the data to be acted upon, the category of
component that should perform the action, and other pertinent instructions. component that should perform the action, and other pertinent instructions.
Android locates an appropriate component to respond to the intent, launches Android locates an appropriate component to respond to the intent, launches
a new instance of the component if one is needed, and passes it the a new instance of the component if one is needed, and passes it the
Intent object. Intent object.
</p> </p>
<p> <p>
Components advertise their capabilities &mdash; the kinds of intents they can Components advertise their capabilities &mdash; the kinds of intents they can
respond to &mdash; through <i>intent filters</i>. Since the Android system respond to &mdash; through <i>intent filters</i>. Since the Android system
must learn which intents a component can handle before it launches the component, must learn which intents a component can handle before it launches the component,
intent filters are specified in the manifest as intent filters are specified in the manifest as
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/intent-filter-element.html">&lt;intent-filter&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/intent-filter-element.html">&lt;intent-filter&gt;</a></code>
elements. A component may have any number of filters, each one describing elements. A component may have any number of filters, each one describing
a different capability. a different capability.
</p> </p>
@@ -344,9 +356,9 @@ filters.
</p> </p>
<p> <p>
For information on how Intent objects are tested against intent filters, For information on how Intent objects are tested against intent filters,
see a separate document, see a separate document,
<a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/intents-filters.html">Intents <a href="{@docRoot}guide/components/intents-filters.html">Intents
and Intent Filters</a>. and Intent Filters</a>.
</p> </p>
@@ -354,42 +366,42 @@ and Intent Filters</a>.
<h3 id="iconlabel">Icons and Labels</h3> <h3 id="iconlabel">Icons and Labels</h3>
<p> <p>
A number of elements have {@code icon} and {@code label} attributes for a A number of elements have {@code icon} and {@code label} attributes for a
small icon and a text label that can be displayed to users. Some also have a small icon and a text label that can be displayed to users. Some also have a
{@code description} attribute for longer explanatory text that can also be {@code description} attribute for longer explanatory text that can also be
shown on-screen. For example, the shown on-screen. For example, the
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code>
element has all three of these attributes, so that when the user is asked whether element has all three of these attributes, so that when the user is asked whether
to grant the permission to an application that has requested it, an icon representing to grant the permission to an application that has requested it, an icon representing
the permission, the name of the permission, and a description of what it the permission, the name of the permission, and a description of what it
entails can all be presented to the user. entails can all be presented to the user.
</p> </p>
<p> <p>
In every case, the icon and label set in a containing element become the default In every case, the icon and label set in a containing element become the default
{@code icon} and {@code label} settings for all of the container's subelements. {@code icon} and {@code label} settings for all of the container's subelements.
Thus, the icon and label set in the Thus, the icon and label set in the
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html">&lt;application&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html">&lt;application&gt;</a></code>
element are the default icon and label for each of the application's components. element are the default icon and label for each of the application's components.
Similarly, the icon and label set for a component &mdash; for example, an Similarly, the icon and label set for a component &mdash; for example, an
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">&lt;activity&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/activity-element.html">&lt;activity&gt;</a></code>
element &mdash; are the default settings for each of the component's element &mdash; are the default settings for each of the component's
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/intent-filter-element.html">&lt;intent-filter&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/intent-filter-element.html">&lt;intent-filter&gt;</a></code>
elements. If an elements. If an
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html">&lt;application&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/application-element.html">&lt;application&gt;</a></code>
element sets a label, but an activity and its intent filter do not, element sets a label, but an activity and its intent filter do not,
the application label is treated as the label for both the activity and the application label is treated as the label for both the activity and
the intent filter. the intent filter.
</p> </p>
<p> <p>
The icon and label set for an intent filter are used to represent a component The icon and label set for an intent filter are used to represent a component
whenever the component is presented to the user as fulfilling the function whenever the component is presented to the user as fulfilling the function
advertised by the filter. For example, a filter with advertised by the filter. For example, a filter with
"{@code android.intent.action.MAIN}" and "{@code android.intent.action.MAIN}" and
"{@code android.intent.category.LAUNCHER}" settings advertises an activity "{@code android.intent.category.LAUNCHER}" settings advertises an activity
as one that initiates an application &mdash; that is, as as one that initiates an application &mdash; that is, as
one that should be displayed in the application launcher. The icon and label one that should be displayed in the application launcher. The icon and label
set in the filter are therefore the ones displayed in the launcher. set in the filter are therefore the ones displayed in the launcher.
</p> </p>
@@ -397,14 +409,14 @@ set in the filter are therefore the ones displayed in the launcher.
<h3 id="perms">Permissions</h3> <h3 id="perms">Permissions</h3>
<p> <p>
A <i>permission</i> is a restriction limiting access to a part of the code A <i>permission</i> is a restriction limiting access to a part of the code
or to data on the device. The limitation is imposed to protect critical or to data on the device. The limitation is imposed to protect critical
data and code that could be misused to distort or damage the user experience. data and code that could be misused to distort or damage the user experience.
</p> </p>
<p> <p>
Each permission is identified by a unique label. Often the label indicates Each permission is identified by a unique label. Often the label indicates
the action that's restricted. For example, here are some permissions defined the action that's restricted. For example, here are some permissions defined
by Android: by Android:
</p> </p>
@@ -418,26 +430,26 @@ A feature can be protected by at most one permission.
</p> </p>
<p> <p>
If an application needs access to a feature protected by a permission, If an application needs access to a feature protected by a permission,
it must declare that it requires that permission with a it must declare that it requires that permission with a
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-permission-element.html">&lt;uses-permission&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-permission-element.html">&lt;uses-permission&gt;</a></code>
element in the manifest. Then, when the application is installed on element in the manifest. Then, when the application is installed on
the device, the installer determines whether or not to grant the requested the device, the installer determines whether or not to grant the requested
permission by checking the authorities that signed the application's permission by checking the authorities that signed the application's
certificates and, in some cases, asking the user. certificates and, in some cases, asking the user.
If the permission is granted, the application is able to use the protected If the permission is granted, the application is able to use the protected
features. If not, its attempts to access those features will simply fail features. If not, its attempts to access those features will simply fail
without any notification to the user. without any notification to the user.
</p> </p>
<p> <p>
An application can also protect its own components (activities, services, An application can also protect its own components (activities, services,
broadcast receivers, and content providers) with permissions. It can employ broadcast receivers, and content providers) with permissions. It can employ
any of the permissions defined by Android (listed in any of the permissions defined by Android (listed in
{@link android.Manifest.permission android.Manifest.permission}) or declared {@link android.Manifest.permission android.Manifest.permission}) or declared
by other applications. Or it can define its own. A new permission is declared by other applications. Or it can define its own. A new permission is declared
with the with the
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code>
element. For example, an activity could be protected as follows: element. For example, an activity could be protected as follows:
</p> </p>
@@ -457,43 +469,43 @@ element. For example, an activity could be protected as follows:
</pre> </pre>
<p> <p>
Note that, in this example, the {@code DEBIT_ACCT} permission is not only Note that, in this example, the {@code DEBIT_ACCT} permission is not only
declared with the declared with the
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code>
element, its use is also requested with the element, its use is also requested with the
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-permission-element.html">&lt;uses-permission&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-permission-element.html">&lt;uses-permission&gt;</a></code>
element. Its use must be requested in order for other components of the element. Its use must be requested in order for other components of the
application to launch the protected activity, even though the protection application to launch the protected activity, even though the protection
is imposed by the application itself. is imposed by the application itself.
</p> </p>
<p> <p>
If, in the same example, the {@code permission} attribute was set to a If, in the same example, the {@code permission} attribute was set to a
permission declared elsewhere permission declared elsewhere
(such as {@code android.permission.CALL_EMERGENCY_NUMBERS}, it would not (such as {@code android.permission.CALL_EMERGENCY_NUMBERS}, it would not
have been necessary to declare it again with a have been necessary to declare it again with a
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code>
element. However, it would still have been necessary to request its use with element. However, it would still have been necessary to request its use with
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-permission-element.html">&lt;uses-permission&gt;</a></code>. <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-permission-element.html">&lt;uses-permission&gt;</a></code>.
</p> </p>
<p> <p>
The The
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-tree-element.html">&lt;permission-tree&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-tree-element.html">&lt;permission-tree&gt;</a></code>
element declares a namespace for a group of permissions that will be defined in element declares a namespace for a group of permissions that will be defined in
code. And code. And
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-group-element.html">&lt;permission-group&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-group-element.html">&lt;permission-group&gt;</a></code>
defines a label for a set of permissions (both those declared in the manifest with defines a label for a set of permissions (both those declared in the manifest with
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code>
elements and those declared elsewhere). It affects only how the permissions are elements and those declared elsewhere). It affects only how the permissions are
grouped when presented to the user. The grouped when presented to the user. The
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-group-element.html">&lt;permission-group&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-group-element.html">&lt;permission-group&gt;</a></code>
element does not specify which permissions belong to the group; element does not specify which permissions belong to the group;
it just gives the group a name. A permission is placed in the group it just gives the group a name. A permission is placed in the group
by assigning the group name to the by assigning the group name to the
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html">&lt;permission&gt;</a></code>
element's element's
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html#pgroup">permissionGroup</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/permission-element.html#pgroup">permissionGroup</a></code>
attribute. attribute.
</p> </p>
@@ -501,17 +513,17 @@ attribute.
<h3 id="libs">Libraries</h3> <h3 id="libs">Libraries</h3>
<p> <p>
Every application is linked against the default Android library, which Every application is linked against the default Android library, which
includes the basic packages for building applications (with common classes includes the basic packages for building applications (with common classes
such as Activity, Service, Intent, View, Button, Application, ContentProvider, such as Activity, Service, Intent, View, Button, Application, ContentProvider,
and so on). and so on).
</p> </p>
<p> <p>
However, some packages reside in their own libraries. If your application However, some packages reside in their own libraries. If your application
uses code from any of these packages, it must explicitly asked to be linked uses code from any of these packages, it must explicitly asked to be linked
against them. The manifest must contain a separate against them. The manifest must contain a separate
<code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-library-element.html">&lt;uses-library&gt;</a></code> <code><a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/uses-library-element.html">&lt;uses-library&gt;</a></code>
element to name each of the libraries. (The library name can be found in the element to name each of the libraries. (The library name can be found in the
documentation for the package.) documentation for the package.)
</p> </p>