diff --git a/core/java/android/window/ProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher.java b/core/java/android/window/ProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher.java
index bedf5038f6695..10d43e89a09d3 100644
--- a/core/java/android/window/ProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher.java
+++ b/core/java/android/window/ProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher.java
@@ -90,7 +90,11 @@ public class ProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher implements OnBackInvokedDispatcher {
         synchronized (mLock) {
             mCallbacks.add(Pair.create(callback, priority));
             if (mActualDispatcher != null) {
-                mActualDispatcher.registerOnBackInvokedCallback(priority, callback);
+                if (priority <= PRIORITY_SYSTEM) {
+                    mActualDispatcher.registerSystemOnBackInvokedCallback(callback);
+                } else {
+                    mActualDispatcher.registerOnBackInvokedCallback(priority, callback);
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -171,7 +175,16 @@ public class ProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher implements OnBackInvokedDispatcher {
                 return;
             }
             clearCallbacksOnDispatcher();
-            mActualDispatcher = actualDispatcher;
+            if (actualDispatcher instanceof ProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher) {
+                // We don't want to nest ProxyDispatchers, so if we are given on, we unwrap its
+                // actual dispatcher.
+                // This can happen when an Activity is recreated but the Window is preserved (e.g.
+                // when going from split-screen back to single screen)
+                mActualDispatcher =
+                        ((ProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher) actualDispatcher).mActualDispatcher;
+            } else {
+                mActualDispatcher = actualDispatcher;
+            }
             transferCallbacksToDispatcher();
         }
     }
diff --git a/core/java/com/android/internal/policy/PhoneWindow.java b/core/java/com/android/internal/policy/PhoneWindow.java
index 12571b1ef521c..e258fc19a75f8 100644
--- a/core/java/com/android/internal/policy/PhoneWindow.java
+++ b/core/java/com/android/internal/policy/PhoneWindow.java
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ public class PhoneWindow extends Window implements MenuBuilder.Callback {
 
     boolean mDecorFitsSystemWindows = true;
 
-    private ProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher mProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher =
+    private final ProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher mProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher =
             new ProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher();
 
     static class WindowManagerHolder {
@@ -378,6 +378,8 @@ public class PhoneWindow extends Window implements MenuBuilder.Callback {
             // window, as we'll be skipping the addView in handleResumeActivity(), and
             // the token will not be updated as for a new window.
             getAttributes().token = preservedWindow.getAttributes().token;
+            mProxyOnBackInvokedDispatcher.setActualDispatcher(
+                    preservedWindow.getOnBackInvokedDispatcher());
         }
         // Even though the device doesn't support picture-in-picture mode,
         // an user can force using it through developer options.