diff --git a/core/api/system-current.txt b/core/api/system-current.txt
index e5e010beeebb7..7d4fad7fa8f8b 100644
--- a/core/api/system-current.txt
+++ b/core/api/system-current.txt
@@ -5274,7 +5274,7 @@ package android.media {
     method @NonNull public java.util.List<android.media.MediaRoute2Info> getAllRoutes();
     method @Nullable public String getClientPackageName();
     method @Nullable public android.media.MediaRouter2.RoutingController getController(@NonNull String);
-    method @Nullable public static android.media.MediaRouter2 getInstance(@NonNull android.content.Context, @NonNull String);
+    method @Nullable @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_ROUTING) public static android.media.MediaRouter2 getInstance(@NonNull android.content.Context, @NonNull String);
     method public void setRouteVolume(@NonNull android.media.MediaRoute2Info, int);
     method public void startScan();
     method public void stopScan();
diff --git a/media/java/android/media/IMediaRouterService.aidl b/media/java/android/media/IMediaRouterService.aidl
index 4b8a8adade1f8..f817a3c3c3530 100644
--- a/media/java/android/media/IMediaRouterService.aidl
+++ b/media/java/android/media/IMediaRouterService.aidl
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ interface IMediaRouterService {
     // MediaRouterService.java for readability.
 
     // Methods for MediaRouter2
+    void checkModifyAudioRoutingPermission();
     List<MediaRoute2Info> getSystemRoutes();
     RoutingSessionInfo getSystemSessionInfo();
 
diff --git a/media/java/android/media/MediaRouter2.java b/media/java/android/media/MediaRouter2.java
index 1f6855a4ae8e7..90fa9a52f5cf2 100644
--- a/media/java/android/media/MediaRouter2.java
+++ b/media/java/android/media/MediaRouter2.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import static com.android.internal.util.function.pooled.PooledLambda.obtainMessa
 import android.annotation.CallbackExecutor;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
 import android.annotation.SystemApi;
 import android.annotation.TestApi;
 import android.content.Context;
@@ -159,9 +160,11 @@ public final class MediaRouter2 {
      * Finally, it will have no effect to call {@link #setOnGetControllerHintsListener}.
      *
      * @param clientPackageName the package name of the app to control
+     * @throws SecurityException if the caller doesn't have MODIFY_AUDIO_ROUTING permission.
      * @hide
      */
     @SystemApi
+    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_ROUTING)
     @Nullable
     public static MediaRouter2 getInstance(@NonNull Context context,
             @NonNull String clientPackageName) {
@@ -179,13 +182,20 @@ public final class MediaRouter2 {
         synchronized (sSystemRouterLock) {
             MediaRouter2 instance = sSystemMediaRouter2Map.get(clientPackageName);
             if (instance == null) {
-                // TODO: Add permission check here using MODIFY_AUDIO_ROUTING.
                 if (sManager == null) {
+                    IMediaRouterService serviceBinder = IMediaRouterService.Stub.asInterface(
+                            ServiceManager.getService(Context.MEDIA_ROUTER_SERVICE));
+                    try {
+                        // MediaRouterService will throw a SecurityException if the caller
+                        // doesn't have MODIFY_AUDIO_ROUTING permission.
+                        serviceBinder.checkModifyAudioRoutingPermission();
+                    } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                        e.rethrowAsRuntimeException();
+                    }
                     sManager = MediaRouter2Manager.getInstance(context.getApplicationContext());
                 }
                 instance = new MediaRouter2(context, clientPackageName);
                 sSystemMediaRouter2Map.put(clientPackageName, instance);
-                // TODO: Remove router instance once it is not needed.
                 instance.registerManagerCallbackForSystemRouter();
             }
             return instance;
@@ -281,9 +291,9 @@ public final class MediaRouter2 {
         mDiscoveryPreference = new RouteDiscoveryPreference.Builder(
                 sManager.getPreferredFeatures(clientPackageName), true).build();
         updateAllRoutesFromManager();
-        mMediaRouterService = null; // TODO: Make this non-null and check permission.
 
         // Only used by non-system MediaRouter2.
+        mMediaRouterService = null;
         mPackageName = null;
     }
 
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaRouter2ServiceImpl.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaRouter2ServiceImpl.java
index 31edf43679e90..5286bce67b373 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaRouter2ServiceImpl.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaRouter2ServiceImpl.java
@@ -112,6 +112,22 @@ class MediaRouter2ServiceImpl {
     ////   - Should not have @NonNull/@Nullable on any arguments
     ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
+    @NonNull
+    public void checkModifyAudioRoutingPermission() {
+        final int pid = Binder.getCallingPid();
+        final int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
+        final long token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+
+        try {
+            if (mContext.checkPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_ROUTING, pid, uid)
+                    != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+                throw new SecurityException("Must hold the MODIFY_AUDIO_ROUTING permission.");
+            }
+        } finally {
+            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(token);
+        }
+    }
+
     @NonNull
     public List<MediaRoute2Info> getSystemRoutes() {
         final int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaRouterService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaRouterService.java
index b6d6cc48d0cdb..b85cea7a637d0 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaRouterService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/media/MediaRouterService.java
@@ -436,6 +436,12 @@ public final class MediaRouterService extends IMediaRouterService.Stub
         }
     }
 
+    // Binder call
+    @Override
+    public void checkModifyAudioRoutingPermission() {
+        mService2.checkModifyAudioRoutingPermission();
+    }
+
     // Binder call
     @Override
     public List<MediaRoute2Info> getSystemRoutes() {