diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/wm/ActivityServiceConnectionsHolder.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/wm/ActivityServiceConnectionsHolder.java
index 5f56af7fd4e0d..1208b6ef396f7 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/wm/ActivityServiceConnectionsHolder.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/wm/ActivityServiceConnectionsHolder.java
@@ -99,13 +99,15 @@ public class ActivityServiceConnectionsHolder<T> {
     }
 
     public void forEachConnection(Consumer<T> consumer) {
+        final ArraySet<T> connections;
         synchronized (mActivity) {
             if (mConnections == null || mConnections.isEmpty()) {
                 return;
             }
-            for (int i = mConnections.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-                consumer.accept(mConnections.valueAt(i));
-            }
+            connections = new ArraySet<>(mConnections);
+        }
+        for (int i = connections.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+            consumer.accept(connections.valueAt(i));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/services/tests/wmtests/src/com/android/server/wm/ActivityRecordTests.java b/services/tests/wmtests/src/com/android/server/wm/ActivityRecordTests.java
index 8f2b470908c44..0033e3e368c6c 100644
--- a/services/tests/wmtests/src/com/android/server/wm/ActivityRecordTests.java
+++ b/services/tests/wmtests/src/com/android/server/wm/ActivityRecordTests.java
@@ -2399,7 +2399,10 @@ public class ActivityRecordTests extends WindowTestsBase {
         holder.addConnection(connection);
         assertTrue(holder.isActivityVisible());
         final int[] count = new int[1];
-        final Consumer<Object> c = conn -> count[0]++;
+        final Consumer<Object> c = conn -> {
+            count[0]++;
+            assertFalse(Thread.holdsLock(activity));
+        };
         holder.forEachConnection(c);
         assertEquals(1, count[0]);